Assessing the marketplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assessing the marketplace - Essay Example Apple Company has an exceptional operational excellence system. The organization develop mechanism that ensure its products are created in consideration of the needs of the client as well as improve the manufacturing effectiveness of the company (Satariano & Burrows, 2014). Apart from production, the organization allows for follow ups on products sold. For instance, consumer are provided with recycling services for already used devise. For this reason, the production process of Apple rhymes with the demands of the consumer, addresses the manufacturing objectives of the organization thus excellence in its operations (Satariano & Burrows, 2014). In regards to value excellence, McDonalds have ensured the organization retrain its customers. In the organization, value excellence is measured by the extent at which the organization measures the requirements of both the customer and other stakeholders (Mackenzie, 2013). The needs of the clients are retained and stakeholder objectives are attained. This success in value excellence has increased the consumer perception towards the company. In addition, internal values are those of the stakeholders have been retained to ensure the general excellence of the

Jesus Christ Essay Example for Free

Jesus Christ Essay Hate is one of the human’s feelings. It is a complex subject to study its reasons, causes and consequences. Broadly saying hate in this or that manifestation is one of the reasons of the majority of the violent crimes. Hate is used as an ideological background for a number of violent acts ranging from the street and terrorist attacks to full scale wars. Hate may be either justified in this or that way or it may be impulsive, based on the race, religion, sexual orientation, ethnicity, or national origin. In the first case when the hate is caused by the unjust treatment it may be defined as rational, in the second one it is irrational (John R. Schafer, MA and Joe Navarro, MA, 2003). One of the most significant examples of the hate group is Aryan Nations. Aryan Nations is a typical hate organization promoting the white race supremacy. It is the political arm of the White Identity Church of Jesus Christ-Christian, long led by Richard Butler. The movement promotes the heresy known as Christian Identity. (Apologetics Index, 2006). The ideological background of the Aryan Nations is anti-Semitism. Paramilitary hate group Aryan Nations was founded in the mid-1970s by Rev. Richard Girnt Butler, now 77 years old. It was formed around Butlers Church of Jesus Christ Christian, one of the several hundred churches affiliated with Identity, a pseudo-theological hate movement. Identity doctrine maintains that Anglo-Saxons, not Jews, are the Biblical chosen people, that non-whites are mud people on the level of animals, and that Jews are children of Satan. (The Nizkor Project, 2006). The anti-Semitism has been of the main hate ideologies since the biblical times. It was utilized by the worst human hating regimes, the most vivid examples of which were the Fascist regimes in Germany and Italy. The anti-Semitism doctrine as an ideology compromised itself in the 20th century. Aryan Nations militantly advocates anti-Semitism and the establishment of a white racist state. A statement of beliefs on the Aryan Nations Web site declares: The Jew is like a destroying virus that attacks our racial body to destroy our Aryan culture and purity of our race. Those of our Race who resist these attacks are called chosen and faithful. † (Aryan Nations/Church of Jesus Christ Christian, 2006). In their â€Å"Declaration of Independence† the ideologists of the Aryan Nations declare threat to the white Americans from the federal government which pursues the interests of the Jewish rulers. The ideologists of the Aryan Nations state that only the Anglo-Saxon, Germanic, Teutonic, Scandinavian, Celtic peoples are the descendants of biblical Adam and the rest are the descendants of Cain and they are the results of the Eve’s original sin. The Aryan Nations leaders identify the Jews as the main threat to the white race. This movement could be considered as political and a religious movement. This is one of the causes of the extreme danger of Aryan Nations. Violence is declared by the leaders of the group. The motto of the group as indicated in its web site is Violence Solves Everything! †. Still the original biblical part of the ideology of the Aryan Nation has been completely confused because the calls for violence became the dominating ones. The ideologies of Aryan Nations declaring their Christian origin try to support their violent call with the Muslim militant motto â€Å"Allahu Akbar! † (http://www. aryan-nations. org/) thus bringing complete confusion into their ideological basis. According to Aryan Nations â€Å"That VIOLENCE IS THE ONLY SOLUTION! You can no longer look toward local, state or federal law enforcement authorities to protect you, your families or your interests from these invaders† (Aryan Nations web site, 2006). The â€Å"Christian† identity of Aryan Nations was expressed by the leader of the group August Kreis in his comments on the 9/11 attacks and his attitude towards Al-Qaeda, â€Å"You say theyre terrorists, I say theyre freedom fighters. And I want to instill the same jihadic feeling in our peoples heart, in the Aryan race, that they have for their father, who they call Allah. (Henry Schuster, March 29, 2005). Such sayings put off the religious part from the Aryan Nations ideology leaving the extremist one. Terror unites the â€Å"proponents† of some special â€Å"violent† Christianity and Mohammedanism. In fact the only things which may unite both groups are the hate, extremism and terror which they share as basic of their ideologies. In fact, Aryan Nations have a lot of common features with the extremist Muslim groups. They share the same anti-Semitism, they accept the same terror methods and they lack any constructive ideology. They both base their activity on the hate which is destructive in its nature. The numerous hate groups whose ideologies are based on the irrational hatred can hardly find any serious political support in such democratic and a multinational country as the United States. As for the connections of the hate groups with the Muslim extremists, they are not new. During the WWII the leader of the German Nazis Adolph Hitler tried to find the connections with the Muslim extremists. Moreover, some Nazis found refuge in Egypt and Syria after WWII. At the same time it is too early to speak about the real alliance between Neo-Nazis and Muslim extremists. Most likely the leaders of Aryan Nations express their desire to create such an alliance and it proves the ultimate danger of the group. â€Å"Mark Potok, of the Southern Poverty Law Center, said that while some U. S. extremists applauded the September 11 attacks, there is no indication of such an alliance at least not yet, and not on a large scale. If it exists anywhere, he said, it is in the mind (and the Internet postings) of August Kreis. † (Henry Schuster, 2005). At the same time the Aryan Nations desire to link to the most dangerous terrorist organization confirms the fact that Aryan Nations may become the serious threat to the national security of the United States. Bibliography John R. Schafer, MA and Joe Navarro, MA, The seven-stage hate model: The psychopathology of hate groups, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin/March 1, 2003, available at http://www. rickross. com/reference/hate_groups/hategroups355. html, retrieved 06. 12. 2006

History of Tet Offensive

History of Tet Offensive Jordan Dingle The Tet offensive was an operation that took place in 1968 from January 30th to mid-August and was the largest military campaign of the Vietnam war. It involved nearly 80,000 North Vietnamese attacking more than 100 towns and cities in South Vietnam simultaneously. The offensive was a complete surprise to the South Vietnamese and the Americans, as it was thought to be impossible for the NVA to carry out an operation this large and no fighting was expected to happen because of the Tet holiday (Willbanks, 2007). This operation became a turning point for the American-Vietnam war as the offensive caused the U.S. to lose control of some cities temporarily and it showed the American public that the U.S. was not winning the war as the government had previously claimed. Prior to the Tet offensive, the U.S. faced declining support from the public in its foreign policy methods in Vietnam. U.S. citizens faced rising taxes and increasing U.S. casualty numbers in Vietnam. Many people were starting to feel that it was a mistake to send soldiers to Vietnam and that it was a hopeless cause. Public opinion polls at the time showed that the percentage of Americans who believed that the U.S. had made a mistake by sending troops to Vietnam had risen from roughly 25 percent in 1965 to about 45 percent by December 1967 (Willbanks, 2007). The U.S. military and President Lyndon B. Johnsons administration attempted to alter the publics viewpoint on the war by feeding the media optimistic information about the war. On the North Vietnamese side, there were concerns about the direction of the war and the affect it was having the capability of North Vietnam being able to sustain itself as country. Constant U.S. aerial bombings had decimated North Vietnams economic capability and the government realized that at the current rate, North Vietnam would lack the ability to affect the war in South Vietnam. The operation went into its planning stages in the early months of 1967 and was decided to take place on the Tet holiday to surprise unsuspecting American and South Vietnamese forces.   The North Vietnamese believed that the widespread offensive would cause the people of South Vietnam to revolt against the South Vietnamese government. While the offensive did cause the tide of the war to change, it did not cause mass uprisings (Bradley, 2009). The first phase of the Tet offensive began in the early hours of January 30th when the NVA and Viet Cong initiated attacks on all major cities in central Vietnam including Nha Trang, Hoi An, Pleiku, and Da Nang. On January 31st, another major attack was initiated in various major cities and bases in Southern Vietnam. Much of the forces in the operation were focused on South Vietnams capital, Saigon. North Vietnamese forces, while not able to take control of the city, managed to attack critical strategic points around the city. At the same time, the north Vietnamese forces and Viet Cong successfully attacked and captured the city of Hue in central Vietnam. It took the U.S. 25 days to fight back the North Vietnamese and retake the city (Willbanks, 2007). The North Vietnamese initiated a second phase to the offensive on May 4th and attacked various targets across South Vietnam again. But this time the Americans and South Vietnamese were prepared and the offensive was considerably less successful. The 2nd phase ended in late May. The third and final phase of the Tet offensive began on August 17th and was easily repelled by the South Vietnamese and Americans. This last attack was considered a dismal failure as it had little effect on any South Vietnamese or American positions (Willbanks, 2007). Although the Tet offensive did not achieve its goal of initiating uprisings throughout South Vietnam, it did inflict heavy damage on American and South Vietnamese forces. It allowed the Viet Cong to take control of the rural areas of Vietnam, especially in the Mekong Delta. The offensive put South Vietnam into turmoil as it was the first time that the war had reached any urban areas in South Vietnam. It reduced confidence in the government in their ability to protect its citizens from the Viet Cong. The battles that took place destroyed thousands of homes, displaced, injured and killed thousands of people. The human and material cost to South Vietnam was staggering. The number of civilian casualties was estimated by the government to be over 14,000 with at least 20,000 wounded.The North Vietnamese had suffered incredible amounts of casualties. Some estimates place the number of casualties to be over 180,000 dead during 1968.The offensive was the largest number of casualties that the North Vietnamese had faced in the war. The situation was so dire, that many Viet Cong cadres had to be replaced partially by North Vietnamese Army regulars. Although the North Vietnamese lost many soldiers in the South, they acknowledged the benefits of the Tet offensive. General Tran Do, one of the commanders in the battle of Hue, stated In all honesty, we didnt achieve our main objective, which was to spur uprisings throughout the South. Still, we inflicted heavy casualties on the Americans and their puppets, and this was a big gain for us. As for making an impact in the United States, it had not been our intention-but it turned out to be a fortunate result (Karnow, 1988). The aftermath of the Tet offensive also brought about more international influence into the Vietnam conflict. The Paris peace talks, which took place in May of 1968 initiated negotiations between the U.S. and North Vietnam while allowing third-party influence into the politics of the region. In short, the Tet offensive changed both the DRV and the U.S.s goals of military and political victory against each other to negotiations and de-escalation (Bradley 2009). The results of the Tet offensive also spread the conflict into the border regions of Cambodia and Laos. Before and during the Tet offensive, the North Vietnamese used the Ho Chi Minh trail, which lead through southern Laos and Eastern Cambodia, to send supplies and reinforcements to Viet Cong cadres in South Vietnam. This supply route, was the main resource in preparing the Viet Cong for the Tet offensive After the offensive failed, the U.S. began bombing campaigns in Laos and Cambodia along the Ho Chi Minh trail. These bombings eliminated Laos and Cambodias neutrality and dragged them into conflict within their own borders (Kranow, 1988). In the U.S., the aftermath of the offensive created a crisis for the Johnson administration. Public opinion was now overwhelmingly against the war. The U.S. had suffered much casualties with over 16,000 soldiers killed by the end of 1968. A new draft was also called in 1968 calling for 48,000 men to be enlisted. These factors brewed heavy discontentment with the U.S. government and the Johnson administration. The Tet offensive certainly made an impact on the 1968 presidential election and Lyndon B. Johnsons decision to not run for re-election. The new administration of Richard Nixon oversaw the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Vietnam, allowing the North Vietnamese to capture Saigon and reunify Vietnam. Works Cited Bradley, Mark. Vietnam at War. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2009. Web. Bradley, Mark, and Marilyn Blatt. Young. Making Sense of the Vietnam Wars: Local, National, and Transnational Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2008. Web. Karnow, Stanley. Vietnam, a History. Norwalk, CT: Easton, 1988. Web. Willbanks, James H. The Tet Offensive: A Concise History. New York: Columbia UP, 2007. Web.

Dulce Et Decorum Est :: essays research papers

The irony in the poem Dulce it Decorum Est is that it is not sweet and fitting to die for one’s country when you have actually experienced war. Owen is describing how psychologically and physically exhausting W.W.I was for the soldiers that had to endure such a cruel ordeal and not how patriotic and honorable it was . In the first stanza Owen describes how the soldiers are trudging back to camp from battle. We see the soldiers, fatigued and wounded, returning to base camp: Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge, Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs And towards are distant rest began to trudge. Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind; Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots... Of tired, outstripped Five-Nines that dropped behind. The way Owen describes the trudge back to camp allows the reader to open their minds to the events that are occurring. This allows them to see the cruel reality that the war was for the soldiers. I believe Owen’s use of these images are aimed at discouraging the mere thought of war. In the second stanza Owen is describing a gas attack on the soldiers as they are trudging back to camp. Owen describes the soldiers fumbling to get their mask fastened, all but one, a lone soldier. He is struggling to get his mask on but doesn’t get it fastened quick enough and suffers from the full effects of deadly gas: Gas! Gas! Quick boys!-An ecstasy of fumbling, Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time; But someone still was yelling out and stumbling And flound’ring like a man in fire or lime... Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light, As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. The way Owen describes a comrade watching as a lone soldier is struggling to get his mask fastened awakens the minds of the readers to see the psychological effect that this had on the soldiers. Making the reader see that war is cruel and unjust. In the third stanza Owen is describing the dead soldier. This allows the reader to view war in its full affect: In all my dreams, before my helpless sight, He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning. If in some smothering dreams you too could pace Behind the wagon that we flung him in, And watch the white eyes writhing in his face, His hanging face, like a devil’s sick sin; If you could hear at every jolt, the blood

How is a feeling of suspense created in the station scene, from the film ‘The Untouchables’

In this essay I will analyze the railway scene in the film ‘The Untouchables'. I will mainly concentrate on the creation of suspense; I will be looking at the three things that directors use to create different types of atmosphere. These three things are camera angles and movement, the use of sound and lighting and to what extent they contribute. This scene is supposed to be a tense ending to the violence, the final shoot out to try and get Al Capone put in prison. The audience would probably be quite confused and wondering who is who and why each thing is happening. This confusion adds to the tension. The scene (and film) is set in Chicago during the 1930's. In the 1930's America was under prohibition, prohibition meant that it was illegal to sell, make or transport alcohol. Although this rule was made there was still a lot of money to be made with alcohol through bootlegging. Bootlegging was illegally selling alcohol, almost everyone knew about bootlegging and where to buy alcohol. Obviously the alcohol was sold at a higher price then it would be usually, much much higher, this meant that the consumer still had to spend a lot of money for it, which detracted from the original point of prohibition which was to stop people spending money on alcohol as the countries economy was collapsing as shares were worth nothing. In Chicago during this time, not unlike other cities around America there were many rival gangs, which ran Chicago, the most important gang leader was Al Capone. He was the richest man for miles and reportedly earned i170,000,000 a year! Which in those days especially was astronomical. He is the gangster that Elliot Ness a federal agent, George Stone a trainee policeman, James Malone a veteran policeman, and Oscar Wallace an accountant, are out to stop. By the time of this scene, only Ness And Stone are left living and have vowed to catch Al Capone. But they cannot prove anything about him that would send him to jail although he is a known gangster, there is nothing concrete until they found out that he hadn't been paying his income taxes and his bookkeeper could prove it. His bookkeeper was about to be taken away by train maybe incase he was bribed or threatened and put Capone in trouble. Ness And Stone's last chance to catch Capone is to get the bookkeeper, alive. First I am going to go through the main narrative points of the scene: > Ness and Stone enter the station; Ness takes his place on the upper floor, where he can see the entrance at eye level, and the stairs and some of the platform below him. Stone goes round the corner to cover a place where Ness instructs him. > A lot of people enter the station; there are a few suspicious looking people that could be a gangster who is part of Al Capone's gang or the bookkeeper himself. Ness keeps an eye on all of them. > A woman is coming up from the platform but is struggling with her cases and the pram. She cant get them up the stairs easily, Ness keeps looking between her and the possible suspects, eventually he leaves his vantage point and goes down the stairs to help the woman. All the suspects by now have been cleared off suspicion by (for example) going off with their wives or not staying on the platform. > Ness pulls the pram up the stairs, the woman thanks him continuously, while he pulls the pram up Ness looks out for gangsters. Ness has had his eye on some people who may be gangsters, as he reaches the top of the stairs he looks behind him and sees a man he recognizes, the man has a broken nose that is strapped up. > Ness pulls a shotgun out of his jacket and shoots the man – killing him. The pram gets knocked by Ness and starts to roll down the stairs. Other men who are standing on the stairs reach into their jackets and pull out guns, Ness shoots another in the shoulder, and kills another, one gangster shoots up at him from the bottom of stairs and takes cover behind a pillar. The pram continues to fall down the stairs; the man who got shot in the shoulder shoots wildly and hits the pram. Two Sailors run up the stairs form the platform and get shot as they run in front of the pram. > Stone comes running across the bottom of the stairs, throws Ness a new gun as Ness's had run out of bullets, kills the man behind the pillar slides across the floor, stops the pram falling and aims his gun at the last remaining gangster (the one who got shot in the shoulder) who is holding his gun against the bookkeeper's head. > Ness demands that the gangster lets the bookkeeper go and no one gets hurt. The gangster who is very agitated shouts that him and the bookkeeper are leaving and if anyone moves he will shoot the bookkeeper and then they have nothing against Capone. The bookkeeper nervously says he will tell them all they want to know. There is more arguing until Ness signals to Stone and Stone shoots the gangster in the head, the gangster slumps to the floor and the bookkeeper scared witless remains unharmed. I am now going to talk about the use of different camera angles and camera movement and how they are used and why. The most commonly used camera angle was a high angle shot. The majority of these would have been Ness's view from the overhang looking down on the stairs and the platform. This angle would have been by the director, Brian De Palma used to draw the audience into the position of Ness making it more real for them as if they were there, therefore raising the suspense as they feel part of the scene. However a lot of low angle shots are also used, many of these are looking up at Ness, this may the audience think there is someone possibly a gangster looking up at Ness from below this would also raise suspense. The angle would also have been used to show Ness's facial expressions and where he is looking. Occasionally there were close ups of Ness to really show his facial expressions and bring the audience as close as possible to him and how he is feeling, this would add the suspense as again they feel attached to the scene like they are there. These camera angles from Ness's perspective and looking at him happen while he is standing on the overhang when he moves down the stairs to help the baby and then gets involved in the shootout, there are different camera angles focusing on him although there are more close ups after he leaves the overhang. While Ness helps the woman with the pram most of the camera angles are low ones looking up at him as he climbs the stairs and some down at him and past him to show what he is doing and what is going on below him on the platform. The high angle shots that look down at him and past him are most effective at creating suspense because they show Ness's nervousness and at any moment a gangster could appear below him while he is unaware. While the shootout is happening there are various Close up shots. This is to show the expressions of the combatants and how they are being affected by the shootout. This is very tense as there is a lot of anxiousness and fear on the faces of everyone as they are fighting for their lives. This is particularly the case when there is a close up of the woman diving to save her baby from falling down the stairs as you can see all of her face close up and you can se the fear written on it even though there is no sound at that point. There are also a lot of long shots and two shots to display the action and what is going on at eye level so it is straight in front of you, this makes you as the audience feel very involved in the action as your eye level is with the action you are not looking down on or up at it, as it is in front of your face, and as the action is very dangerous it adds greatly to the suspense in the scene. At the start of the scene the clock was repeatedly shown, this repetitive image added to the suspense greatly as it showed clearly that time is running out for Ness as months of work depend on the next few moments. As the clock is repeatedly shown this fact is driven into us, raising suspense as we wait to see if Ness will get his man in time. Next I will look at lighting and what areas are lit and why. The scene is set quite late at night at 10 O Clock, so the lighting would be artificial from the lights in the station which the director would have strategically shone them in different areas for different reasons, which I will talk about now. Very light areas of the scene were the stairs and the entryway, this is because the majority of the action happened there and it was the focus of where Ness was looking at. The platform area is also quite well lit, as it is another area Ness was constantly looking for gangsters in. Dark areas of the scene were Stone was as not much happened there and he was meant to be hidden from sight. The prams was very well lit during the scene as it is meant to signify innocence and the pram protecting the baby, giving it safety, and in the dark things are generally more uneasy and unsafe especially for young children so the light is to signify it is protected. Sometimes the camera swung/panned around the scene for example in the shootout, this gave us as the audience a chance to survey what is going on from and move as if we are moving in the scene to look what is going on, like if we cant quite see something we would move to see it, the camera moving us gives us that feeling. As we feel like we are there yet again this creates more suspense for us as an audience. Next I am going to talk about sound, and how dialogue. Sound effects, ambient sound and non-digetic sounds are used and why they are used. First I will explain what each sound is: > Dialogue – Words spoken on screen by characters. Dialogue is used to develop characters, the plot and display natural communication. > Sound effects – Non-verbal sounds from an action. Sound effects are used to reinforce an action and too add realism. For example if someone closed a door and you couldn't hear it close, it would sound fake, and ruin the effect. > Ambient sounds – realistic background sound, which may not be on screen. Ambient sounds are also used to reinforce realism for example if the scene is in a field and no wind is heard, or birds calling it would seem fake, similar to sound effects but the effect may not be on screen, e. g. a bird calling, the bird may not be on screen. > Non-digetic sounds – Not part of the scene. Non digetic sounds are things like music or voice overs, they are used to create or reinforce a mood or can intensify a situation, for example eerie music could be used in a haunted house, getting eerier as things get tenser. This reinforces the atmosphere being created off screen. All the different four sound types are used in the scene. The most commonly used sound was non-digetic. Almost throughout the scene there was music playing. It changed as the scene changed, for example at the end of the scene just after the final gangster was killed there were piano and violins playing together, they played in such a way that a mysterious feeling was given. Then when we realized the gangster was dead and the bookkeeper survived the tense music ended with a long note, which eased the tension. This is a prime example of music (non digetic sound) enforcing the atmosphere that is created on stage. Another widely used ambient sound was the tannoy announcer; altogether he spoke 4 times in the space of a few minutes. He was announcing that the train would be leaving in a few minutes, all board and last call, this also drummed into us as the audience that time was running out therefore creating suspense – similarly to the clock. Sound effects were not used to much important in my view they were just used to reinforce actions like the footsteps on the stairs. However when the pram was going up the steps it made a very loud crashing sound, louder then it would naturally, this created suspense. Ambient sounds similarly to sound effects only were occasionally used to reinforce the fact the scene is in a train station, with the odd sound adding to the realism, like the train steaming out of the train off camera occasionally, this added to the suspense as it made the scene more realistic and made us as the audience feel as if we were there. There wasn't much dialogue in the scene; most of it was just basic the only important dialogue was at the very end between ness, the gangster and the bookkeeper when they were arguing over the fate of the bookkeeper. This was very important as the gangster and Ness were trying to play mind games with each other through words. Words are the clearest form of communication and in this instance, you could obviously see through the expression in the voices that Ness was in control and the gangster was wavering and unsure what to do, and in the end was killed. This added to the suspense as the camera angles were close to them and the speech was loud as if we as the audience were there and witnessing it. In conclusion I would say that the factor that contributed most to the suspense was the sound as it was the clearest factor of all, and is the most blatant. For example if there is music playing that is of a tense nature it is obvious something tense is going on and it adds to the tension. When the pram like music was playing it added to the realism, as there was a pram there. It also gave the audience a false sense of security, as it is nice happy carefree music in a sinister important ten minutes in Chicago. It also it spookily scary, as when the pram is stopped from crashing by stone the music starts up and there are lots of dead bodies and blood everywhere and a fierce confrontation between Ness and the gangster is about to start and the music starts to play. Camera angles added to the tension and suspense more then the lighting, though it was more subtle then the sound as only when you reflect on the scene in depth like I have done you realize it has done anything, during the scene you don't even realize what the camera angles are doing. There is only a certain amount of suspense that you can create with a camera angle as just because you are looking at something in a certain way it doesn't mean something will happen. Lighting was the least important factor as the entire scene had to be quite lit as it is a well it area in a train station, and just because something is in shadow doesn't mean it is hidden and secretive. Again it is a more subtle use of suspense and one that I think doesn't add to the suspense much if at all. Generally I would say that suspense was created very well using lighting, sound and camera angles. It could perhaps been improved by a greater use of lighting to display shadows and hidden areas, though it would have been hard to do so in a station.

Machine shack management system Essay

Options – This will take you to the options menu where additional features of the system will be shown. Stock Table Menu The Stock Table Menu has options relating to the stock table.   Add Record – This will take you to a screen where you can add records to you database.   View Edit Delete – This will take you to a screen where you can view the records using the up and down keys as well as let you delete or edit records.   Search Record – This will take you to a screen where you can search for records, once found it will display the record. Items Needing Reordering – This will take you to a screen which will display only the items which need reordering.   Back to Main Menu – This will take you back to the main menu. Sales Table Menu The Sales Table Menu has options relating to the stock table.   View or Delete Sale – This will take you to a screen where you can view all the sales and delete sales, using the down key to scroll through records and the ‘d’ key to delete sales.   Search Record – This will take you to a screen where you can search for Sales records, once found it will display the record.   Return Item – This allow you to return an Item which has been sold. Back to Main Menu – This will take you back to the main menu. 2. 7 Data Capture 2. 7. 1 Input Forms and Output Forms Add Record Add record will bring up the form used to add items to the stock table. The add record form will look like the illustration below: View, Amend and Delete a Record This Form will be used to view, amend and delete records, you simply use the up and down keys to scroll available records, if you would like to delete a record you press ‘d’ and it will be deleted or if you would like to amend a record you press the ‘e’ key and it will ask you which part of the record you want to amend. Search Records for sales and stock. This feature will be used to search through the database to find a specific record, it will work by asking for a item code, then searching for the item code, using an IF statement in a loop to compare ever item code with the entered value until the record is found, else if it reaches the end of the file and has not found any matching record it will display a message saying ‘record not found’. View Items which Need reordering Here items will be compared that are available in stock with the minimum stock level, if the values are the same or the value of items available is smaller then that record will show up in this output form. View or Delete Sales Record Here you can view all sales that have taken place using the up and down keys, to delete a sale you simply press the ‘d’ key and that record will be deleted. Return Item from Sales Record Here you scroll down to the sale which you want to take back and it will delete the record and if the item is still in good condition it will add it back to the stock table. Check Out The Check out is the main form used and the most complex which uses the most types of file manipulation. Here you enter Items the customer wants, it will then calculate a total for the customer and print a receipt. It will also subtract items sold from the stock table and put them into the sales table. When entering items it will display the description of the item to validate if the code it correct. 2. 8 Sample of planned data validation An Example of where I will use data validation can be taken from when you will enter an Item Code, in the add stock form, when you enter a code, the system will check the entire stock table to see if that Item Code exist if it does you will be given an error message. 2. 9 Description of record or database structure. The Database structure is mainly two files one which holds the stock details â€Å"Stock. dat† and the other which holds the Sales information â€Å"Sales. dat†, the structure and formats of these files can be found in the â€Å"Definition of data requirements† section. Details can be added to the stock file through the stock options. The Check Out will read items codes display the Name and Price of the items, you enter into it and calculate a total. Then it will subtract the items from the stock table and add them to the sales table. 2. 10 Sample of Planned data entry. An example of data entered into the add stock form. 2. 11 Sample of planned valid output An Example of Data output in the View Edit Delete Stock Form. 2. 12 File Organisation and Processing The file organisation used in the database will be a serial organisations, so when a record is added to a file it will add it to the end of the file. Searches will be preformed using a serial search, basically it will go through each record using a repeat loop and an if statement will be used to check for valid results. 2. 13 Database design including E-R Model. There are be 2 main entities in this system, a one to many relationship 2. 14 Security and Integrity of Data Firstly physical access to the computer will be pretty hard since, the end user will always be at the shop, when it is open, and the shop is locked when it is closed. The data that will be stored in this database is just mainly data about stock and sales so methods like encryption are a little too extreme. The data stored in files can really only be made sense out of if read by the database, opening them up using a text editor like notepad will give, just you lots of jumbled data. Integrity of the data will be mainly maintained by the validation rules present in the database, another way integrity is maintained is most of the complex procedures have been simplified to entering minimal data, for example entering an item into the check out just required the item code, which after entering displays the name to further make sure it is the correct information entered. 2. 15 System Security A number of steps will been taken to ensure that the system is secure and maintains the integrity of data. For security purposes the system will have a password at the start up, this will prevent unauthorised access to the system, the password and system will automatically activate at computer start up, this will be achieved by modifying the computer boot files (autoexec. bat) adding the program path and executable location. In this case like:- Since with this modification the system password will start instantly on the computer booting, It makes it harder for anyone to access the data of the system in other ways, like notepad, edit, etc. Another Security feature will be that the password can only be entered 3 times after which the computer will halt (freeze), and the only way to get back is to restart the computer, which again will take you to the password, the freeze process will be achieved by using a simple endless loop like:- Repeat Until restart; Since the Boolean variable restart is set to false and will never equal true in this case it will just keep looping. Thus making it extremely hard for the computer to be accessed in any way other then through the system, which will require a password. 2. 16 Overall Test Strategy. Test Strategy The test strategy will include:   Test all input forms, if they accept all the data   Testing of individual Menu System Options   Testing of inputting invalid or extreme data   Check backup and restore features   Test security features   Test system by inputting dummy data to simulate real events End-user tests it, to see if it meets his requirements 2. 16. 2 Test Plan Test No. Test Expected Result 1 Test Auto Boot Feature Boots straight into system, with no errors 2 Test Password Only â€Å"hello† accepted 3 Test all menu system options All options lead to the right place 4. Stock Table accepts all data sets from data set 1 All data accepted with out error 5 Test if only unique Item Code can be entered and not one that is already in the database Accepts only unique Item code 6 View Feature tested All entered data is displayed properly 7 3rd data set in stock table will be edited Changes accepted 8 8th data set in stock table will be deleted Record deleted successfully without any other affects. 9 Test Item Re-stock Feature If Items which need restocking appear in the records, these should be records, 5, 8 and 10 9 Test Check Out, Total feature Should give a correct total. Test if items sold in check out appear in sales table Should appear in sales table 11 Delete item from sales table Should delete 12 Test Return feature, if item returns to stock Should return to stock table and be deleted from sales table 13 Test Password Change Feature New Password should be accepted 14 Test Back up feature if database backs up to floppy disk Should copy stock and sales table to a floppy disk 15 Check Exit Feature Program should return to dos 16 Enter very large integer into an integer field Program may crash 17 Entering character into a integer field Program may crash. Entering more then 20 characters in the Item Name Field Since the variable for this is string[20] program may crash 2. 16. 3 Test Data Being used Test data set 1: Stock Table Item Code Item Description Price Amount in Stock Minimum Stock level 0001 Mobile Phone 35.   

Word Choice Got vs. Gotten

Word Choice Got vs. Gotten Word Choice: Got vs. Gotten Both â€Å"got† and â€Å"gotten† are common terms in North America, but other English dialects do not use â€Å"gotten† at all. So why is this? And what is the exact difference between â€Å"got† and â€Å"gotten†? Check out our guide below to find out how to avoid errors when using these terms. Present and Simple Past Tenses of â€Å"Get† The present tense verb â€Å"get† has several meanings, including: Come to have or receive something (e.g., I hope we get a good reception) Attain, achieve, or obtain something (e.g., I get a newspaper every day) Reach a condition or state (e.g., He will get fat if he eats the whole cake) The simple past tense of this verb is always â€Å"got,† regardless of the context: We got a great reception from the crowd. I got the newspaper this morning. He got fat when he ate all the cake. This applies in all English dialects. So, if you are using the simple present or past tense in your writing, the only terms you will need are â€Å"get† and â€Å"got.† Past Participles: â€Å"Got† and â€Å"Gotten† in American English We use past participles to form the present and past perfect tenses, which both show that an action has been completed. This verb form will follow â€Å"have,† â€Å"has,† or â€Å"had† in a sentence. And American English uses both â€Å"got† and â€Å"gotten† as past participles: We use â€Å"got† when referring to a state of owning or possessing something. We use â€Å"gotten† when referring to a process of â€Å"getting† something. For example, if we were describing the process of â€Å"getting better† at something, we would use the past participle â€Å"gotten† in the perfect tenses: She had gotten better in the last year. But if we were describing possessing enough time for something, we would use â€Å"got.† For example: I have got enough time for a coffee before I go out. The same usage applies in Canadian English. However, the term â€Å"gotten† is much rarer outside North America. Past Participles in Other English Dialects In other English dialects, the correct past participle form of â€Å"get† is always â€Å"got.† For instance, if we were to rewrite the examples above for a British audience, we would say: She had got better in the last year. I have got enough time for a cup of tea. Notice that both sentences use â€Å"got† as a past participle. As such, if you’re writing for a non-American audience, you will not need the word â€Å"gotten.† In fact, the only time this term is used in dialects such as British and Australian English is in old-fashioned terms like â€Å"ill-gotten.† Summary: Got or Gotten? In American English, â€Å"got† and â€Å"gotten† can both be past participles of the verb â€Å"get.† The correct term depends on what you are describing: Use got when referring to a state of owning or possessing something. Use gotten when referring to a process of â€Å"getting† something. However, â€Å"gotten† is extremely rare outside North American (especially in formal writing). As such, you should always use â€Å"got† when you’re writing for a non-American audience. And if you want to be certain your writing is the best it can be, don’t forget to have it proofread.