The Effect Of Oxygen Deficiency On Lake Ontario - 2092 Words

Introduction Background: The focus of this research project is to identify if there is an oxygen deficiency in lake Ontario through the cause of rising phosphorus levels and effects of climate change. Measuring the dissolved oxygen levels in lakes, rivers and oceans is crucial to determine if the water quality is affecting the organisms in its ecosystem. Low dissolved oxygen levels will have an effect on the organism’s like fish and other species that require oxygen to breathe that are part of that particular ecosystem. If the dissolved oxygen is not substantial enough it can severely deplete the quality of life of the water body in which case the water body can be considered â€Å"dead†. This process is called eutrophication. The focus for†¦show more content†¦Lake Ontario is the 14th largest lake in the world with a water surface area of over 18,900 km ² [Schindler, 2008]. However it is the most polluted lake of all the five Great Lakes [Schindler, 2008]. From industrial runoff, u rbanization due to high population density around the lake as well as agriculture runoff, there are many sources of nutrient pollution around Lake Ontario. With the nutrient pollution of the lake in this case I am focusing on phosphorus concentration causing the lake to become anoxic. This can also be seen as the Eutrophication of lake Ontario due to phosphorus levels. Eutrophication occurs when there is a high concentration of phosphorus in a body of water. As a result aquatic vegetation and phytoplankton levels increase in the body of water, also known as an algal bloom [Aquafor Beech, 2005]. Then, when algae decay’s, it consumes oxygen from the water body, resulting in the body of water to become oxygen deficient. This makes the biotic components in the lake, which include fish and shellfish, difficult to survive because of the low dissolved oxygen levels making the phosphorus levels of the lake a limiting factor. Climate Change is the long-term alteration in climate of a particular location or region or for the entire planet (Shrestha, 2014). The other concept that people get confused with climate change is global warming. Global warming is an effect of climate change, it

The benefits of immigration Free Essays

Diseases like tuberculosis, malaria, leprosy and others that haven’t been present for a long time, but that doesn’t mean that are extinct or completed eradicated. Page 5 United States is facing one of the biggest problems in history, and it is terrorism. After the incident of September 1 1, 2001 the nation is fearful in some way of immigrants, because as the article said, three of the four pilots were in the country illegally. We will write a custom essay sample on The benefits of immigration or any similar topic only for you Order Now I understand the magnitude of that event, but not every illegal resident is a terrorist. Another point is that in the last years many of the terrorist that have been rrested are legal residents and have been born in the United States. So, they have to understand that they have the thread inside the country and try to manage the situation and stopped accusing the illegal immigrants of been the cause of terrorisms. They also forget that many legal immigrants are part of the Armed Forces and they are willing to serve and protect the country, even it means losing their life in combat. What really happen is that most of the people thought that terrorism is equal to illegal residents, and that isn’t true. The person who least you expect could e a terrorist and it doesn’t mean he or she is an illegal immigrant. According with the article: â€Å"†¦ we simply cannot round up and ship some 12+ million illegal aliens back to their home countries. Even if we could, children of illegal aliens who are born in the United States are, by commonly held interpretation of current law, American citizens†. It also said: â€Å"it would not be Just to punish the children for the sins of the parents so even children who were not born in the United States but have lived in the US most of their lives are, by default, Americans, at least in name†. I am totally agree with the two statements and think that it is a way to show a little respect to those who are illegally in the country. It is true that illegal immigration does have its disadvantages: greater poverty, increase in crimes, lower unskilled wage; education costs, and a few others. However, the positive benefits Page 6 of immigration outweigh the disadvantages in many ways. So, let us welcome the benefits that immigration provides to the nation. Let be open mind and accept the fact that United States is a big melting pot and each one has something to give to the nation. How to cite The benefits of immigration, Papers

Lan Based free essay sample

Review of Related Literature In exploration, we find new techniques, new knowledge, even develop new substances, adgets, equipment, processes or procedures, imagination and skill is em Premium1418 Words6 Pages Chapter2: Review of Related Literature and Studies Chapter II Review of Related Literature and Studies This chapter presents the literature and related studies which have direct bearing on this study. It also discusses the values reflected in the proverbs and the proverb as a reflection of Filipino character, its function in the society, its na Premium1848 Words8 Pages Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature and Studies Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature and Studies In exploration, we find new echniques, new knowledge, even develop new substances, gadgets, equipment, processes or procedures, imagination and skill is employed by the researcher. The commodities, new devices, services, in technology are nee Premium858 Words4 Pages Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Now we are experiencing the computer revolution as we see the effects of the computer on transportation, economy, education, business, and even in our homes. We will write a custom essay sample on Lan Based or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Today, there is an extensive use of computers in a various applications, a compu Premium1063 Words5 Pages Chapter II Review of Related Literature and Studies Review of Related Literature (Foreign) Tomas Shearin(March,2012) 1 . Endocarp was preferable to crop-based biofuels as it had no value as a food item. Its exploitation as energy source does not compete with food production,said Tomas Premium563 Words3 Pages

The Witch Hunts of Salem and McCarthyism essays

The Witch Hunts of Salem and McCarthyism essays Imagine what it would be like to be labeled a Communist for the mere fact that you happened to sport a goatee? It happened in the 1950's McCarthyism period! Doesn't this sound strangely similar to the Salem witch-hunts? Perfectly normal people accused of being witches just because they were seen dancing strangely in the woods. McCarthyism and the Salem witch-hunts were both attempts by power-hungry people to diminish their competition without any concrete evidence. The causes of the Salem witchcraft trials and "McCarthyism" were irrational fears that witchcraft and communism were going to infiltrate society if drastic measures were not taken. Once the idea that witchcraft might be going on got started, the behavior of normal citizens was open to suspicion of witchcraft. Likewise, the real fear of a Communist take-over had Americans in the 1950's so frightened; some believed that their neighbors might be spies because McCarthy was planting this suspicion so strongly into their minds. Once the hysteria began, it snowballed out of control. In the Salem witch hunts two young girls, Betty Paris and Abigail Williams, were exhibiting strange behavior and were diagnosed to have been touched by the hand of the devil. When pressured to reveal the witch or witches who had caused this, the young girls named several outcasts of society. These accused witches were guilty until they prove their innocence. Many were tortured until they confessed they were in fact witches, so they did not have to endure any more pain. A few who admitted their guilt were spared, while the rest were quickly executed. These confessions became the "proof" of the existence of witches. The hysteria of McCarthyism began when Senator Joseph McCarthy landed a series of highly publicized investigations that intended to bring forward Communists in the State Department and Hollywood. McCarthy eventually lets his "Red Scare" get out of control and said the U.S. A...

Aluminum or Aluminium Element Facts

Aluminum or Aluminium Element Facts Aluminum Basic Facts: Symbol: AlAtomic Number: 13Atomic Weight: 26.981539Element Classification: Basic MetalCAS Number: 7429-90-5 Aluminum Periodic Table Location Group: 13Period: 3Block: p Aluminum Electron Configuration Short Form: [Ne]3s23p1Long Form: 1s22s22p63s23p1Shell Structure: 2 8 3 Aluminum Discovery History: Alum (potassium aluminum sulfate- KAl(SO4)2) has been used since ancient times. It was used in tanning, dyeing, and as an aid to stop minor bleeding and even as an ingredient in baking powder. In 1750, German chemist Andreas Marggraf found a technique to produce a new form of alum without the sulfur. This substance was called alumina, which is known as aluminum oxide (Al2O3) today. Most contemporary chemists of the time believed alumina was an earth of a previously unknown metal. Aluminum metal was finally isolated in 1825 by Danish chemist Hans Christian Ørsted (Oersted). German chemist Friedrich Wà ¶hler attempted unsuccessfully to reproduce Ørsteds technique and found an alternate method that also produced metallic aluminum two years later. Historians differ on who should receive credit for the discovery.Name: Aluminum derives its name from alum. The Latin name for alum is alumen meaning bitter salt.Note on Naming: Sir Humphry Davy proposed the name aluminum for th e element, however, the name aluminium was adopted to conform with the ium ending of most elements. This spelling is in use in most countries. Aluminium was also the spelling in the U.S. until 1925 when the American Chemical Society officially decided to use the name aluminum instead. Aluminum Physical Data State at room temperature (300 K): SolidAppearance: soft, light, silvery white metalDensity: 2.6989 g/ccDensity at Melting Point: 2.375 g/ccSpecific Gravity: 7.874 (20  °C)Melting Point: 933.47 K, 660.32  °C, 1220.58  °FBoiling Point: 2792 K, 2519  °C, 4566  °FCritical Point: 8550 KHeat of Fusion: 10.67 kJ/molHeat of Vaporization: 293.72 kJ/molMolar Heat Capacity: 25.1 J/mol ·KSpecific Heat: 24.200 J/g ·K (at 20  °C) Aluminum Atomic Data Oxidation States (Bold most common): 3, 2, 1Electronegativity: 1.610Electron Affinity: 41.747 kJ/molAtomic Radius: 1.43 Ã…Atomic Volume: 10.0 cc/molIonic Radius: 51 (3e)Covalent Radius: 1.24 Ã…First Ionization Energy: 577.539 kJ/molSecond Ionization Energy: 1816.667 kJ/molThird Ionization Energy: 2744.779 kJ/mol Aluminum Nuclear Data Number of isotopes: Aluminum has 23 known isotopes ranging from 21Al to 43Al. Only two occur naturally. 27Al is the most common, accounting for nearly 100% of all natural aluminum. 26Al is nearly stable with a half-life of 7.2 x 105 years and is only found in trace amounts naturally. Aluminum Crystal Data Lattice Structure: Face-Centered CubicLattice Constant: 4.050 Ã…Debye Temperature: 394.00 K Aluminum Uses Ancient Greeks and Romans used alum as an astringent, for medicinal purposes, and as a mordant in dyeing. It is used in kitchen utensils, exterior decorations, and thousands of industrial applications. Although the electrical conductivity of aluminum is only about 60% that of copper per area of cross section, aluminum is used in electrical transmission lines because of its light weight. The alloys of aluminum are used in the construction of aircraft and rockets. Reflective aluminum coatings are used for telescope mirrors, making decorative paper, packaging, and many other uses. Alumina is used in glassmaking and refractories. Synthetic ruby and sapphire have applications in producing coherent light for lasers. Miscellaneous Aluminum Facts Aluminum is the 3rd most abundant element in the Earths crust.Aluminum was once called the Metal of Kings because pure aluminum was more expensive to produce than gold until the Hall-Heroult process was discovered.Aluminum is the most widely used metal after iron.The primary source of aluminum is the ore bauxite.Aluminum is paramagnetic.The top three countries that mine aluminum ore are Guinea, Australia and Vietnam. Australia, China and Brazil lead the world in aluminum production.The IUPAC adopted the name aluminium in 1990 and in 1993 recognized aluminum as an acceptable option for the elements name.Aluminum requires a lot of energy to separate from its ore. Recycling aluminum only requires only 5% of that energy to produce the same amount.Aluminum can be rusted or oxidized by mercury.Rubies are aluminum oxide crystals where some aluminum atoms have been replaced by chromium atoms.A piece of jewelry in the tomb of the 3rd Century Chinese general Chou-Chu has been found to contain 85% aluminum. Historians do not know how the ornament was produced. Aluminum is used in fireworks to make produce sparks and white flames. Aluminum is a common component of sparklers. References: CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (89th Ed.), National Institute of Standards and Technology, History of the Origin of the Chemical Elements and Their Discoverers, Norman E. Holden 2001.

Population, Resources, Environment, and Health [in the Developing Essay

Population, Resources, Environment, and Health [in the Developing World] - Essay Example Lindsay (2001, March) states that if the â€Å"current growth rate of 77 million new people a year† continues, it will lead to the nine billion in 2050 resulting in increased food, clothing, shelter and healthcare requirements in developing countries which are already deficient in these essentials (see Figure 1). A strong and effective strategy is required to slow down the population growth in developing countries. And this has to be done without affecting their economic, social and political strength. The main reason of higher fertility rate has to be considered first. The nations need to be educated about family planning methods and contraceptive techniques without making a taboo of this issue. But in order to start family planning programs and modernize the nation, the country will have to take loans from the developed world, so the developing countries also need to be supported economically so that they implement such programs that educate the nation to keep birth rate low. Energy. Developing countries do not have access to renewable energy which is directly related to the living standards. Australian Agency for International Development (2000) affirms that â€Å"in rural areas, particularly in remote locations, transmission and distribution of energy generated from fossil fuels can be difficult and expensive†. Thus, renewable energy is a good solution for these areas so as to meet the increasing demands effectively. Wind power. As fossil fuel supplies are small in developing countries, wind power requirement is increasing as the population grows. Wind power if used as a renewable resource will bring energy to even the remotest areas and it can also be converted to electrical and mechanical forms of energy. For developing countries, this is also economical. Water. Though water can be renewed to meet the demands, still the renewability can be done only to a certain limit. Thus, the increasing water requirements can be fulfilled only to a

Industry and the united states Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Industry and the united states - Essay Example The hand made products were then replaced by the factory products thus making them more accessible and more affordable to the Americans. The process of industrial revolution started in Great Britain when machinery was invented to replace human labor while fossil fuel to replace wind, water and wood (Alam 23). The full impact industrialization was fully felt when the use of machine spread to other corners of the globe in around 1800AD. This led to comprehensive rises in production capacity that affected all the basic human needs from food production, housing and clothing among others. Industrial revolution opened the American economy to merge with the world economy thus initiating the exchange of goods and services between them and different countries. These also paved ways for the establishment of economies, which promoted their businesses and made them to expand and conquer the global economy. The ability of the Americans to dominate the seas allowed their merchants to displace othe r from the world trade system thus benefiting them greatly. The creation of the world economy was a result of industrialization that greatly benefited the Americans as they get ready market for their goods, most of which were of superior quality (Vitiello 21). Industrialized Lives Industrialization prompted a movement for rural life to urban life resulting to urbanization in the American states. Others who could not sustain the lavish urban life remained in slums resulting in the development of social classes and segregation of individuals. The introduction of new technology in areas of agriculture resulted in improvements in production of foods and increased trade. The tools produced from industries provided the platform for the Americans to increase their production techniques in their farming fields. The average women in America also took advantage of the opportunities presented by industrialization in America to advance socially, economically and politically (Cancian, Goodman & Smith, 14). They left the traditional women chores of cooking meals, and taking care of other household duties to engage in business and to work in the industries. The demands of workers for the factories initiated women's empowerment programs to enable them work in these factories in the same capacity as men. Women got a glimpse of the life at work, compared it with the traditional household duties, and resulted to a new dimension in family relationships. The industries also took advantage of the situation and reduce the wages since women worked for lower wages than men. This initiated the idea that women are of same competency as men and they begin to advocate for equal opportunity with men in workplaces. Industrialization led to segregation of people into different age groups especially through the blacks and the whites. The blacks who are the minority were often looked down upon at the expense of the whites with respect to the opportunities that were availed by industries. Areas dominated by the white population got attention form the government than those dominated by other races. The Native American thus greatly benefited from government incentives at the expense of the black population (Wythe 11). Industry and Population Growth The entrance of industries saw a sharp increase in population growth in the United States. The population in the United Sta